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00:45 The picture puts the data in context, in particular if you use the appropriate.00:41 that is definitely true with Lean Six Sigma data sets.00:38 There is an old saying that a picture is worth a thousand words, and.00:34 communicating the data than mesmerizing tables of numbers.00:32 A graphical display is usually much better for.00:27 If that data is just tables of lists of numbers, it's hard to make sense of it.00:21 Now during the Measure phase, the Lean Six Sigma team is collecting data,.00:15 A graphical analysis means that we chart the data creating.00:10 many times a graphical analysis will provide very helpful insights.00:06 The analysis of data does not need to be a statistical analysis,.This inevitably leads to tampering and often drives a stable process into a condition of instability. Some people chase common cause variation as if it were special cause variation.Make sure you understand whether the variation you see is due to special cause or common cause because the improvement strategy for each is totally different.Both factors could be changing because of a different factor and not because of the changes occurring in the two factors that are plotted. One caution with scatter diagrams: Correlation does not mean causation. If the pattern is totally random, or if the pattern is a horizontal line or vertical line, there is no relationship. The closer the slope is to a 45° angle, the stronger the correlation. The more the ellipse collapses and approaches a straight line, the stronger the relationship. If there is a downward slope, there is a negative relationship. When the pattern of the data is a line or ellipse that has an upward slope, there is a positive relationship. The scatter diagram shows the relationship between two factors that are both variable data parameters. A special case of the line graph is the Run Chart. Those are the points where something unusual or special is happening in the process. Patterns in the data, peaks, valleys or points of inflection are the significant elements of the graph. The line chart recognizes that there is a relationship between the data points. The data points are connected sequentially. The fixed intervals are shown on the horizontal axis and the value of the data point is shown on the vertical axis. The line graph is an excellent graphical display of variable data that is collected at fixed intervals. A special case of this chart is the Pareto chart which orders the categories from largest to smallest. This chart shows those categories with a significant count. The vertical axis is the count of instances for the categories. The categories of the data are shown on the horizontal axis and are represented by columns on the chart. The vertical bar chart, also called a histogram, is an excellent technique with attribute data. Three graphs are often used because they are very easy to create. It can display a great deal of data on one graph and the patterns in the data can reveal problems and correlation between process parameters and factors. Graphical analysis creates a picture of the data which helps to put the data into context. Graphical analysis is also an excellent way to communicate data to the Lean Six Sigma team and stakeholders. Graphical analysis is an excellent way to visualize patterns and key insights from data. This picture will often point the team to the process problem. The picture is often easier for team members to understand than a statistical description of the data distribution. When considering a distribution of data values for a process attribute, a graph of that data can be very insightful.